The Dhofar region of Oman is significant and extremely rich in plant biodiversity. Most of the cultivated, medicinal and wild plant species of the region are found in the elevated areas of Dhofar.

Dhofar region is enriched with frankincense and over 250 reported species of medicinal plants. Frankincense sometimes called Oliban or luban; an aromatic, unique oleo-gum resin, is produced by several of approximately 23 species of Boswellia including Boswellia sacra (from the southern Arabian Peninsula), Boswellia frereana (from Somalia), Boswellia serrata (from India).